Introduction to Psychology (PSYC 110) - Part 02
(Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu)
11. Evolution, Emotion, and Reason: Emotions, Part I
This class is an introduction to the evolutionary analysis of human emotions, how they work, why they exist, and what they communicate. In particular, this lecture discusses three interesting case studies, that of happiness (e.g., smiling), fear and the emotions we feel towards our relatives. Finally, this lecture ends with a brief discussion of babies' emotional responses to their caregivers.
00:00 - Chapter 1. The Different Functions of Emotions
09:06 - Chapter 2. Phineas Gage and The Loss of Emotional Capacity
15:45 - Chapter 3. Facial Expressions and Smiles in Particular
28:08 - Chapter 4. Question and Answer on Smiles
32:22 - Chapter 5. Non-Social Emotions: Fear
36:29 - Chapter 6. Social Emotions and Altruism
00:00 - Chapter 1. The Different Functions of Emotions
09:06 - Chapter 2. Phineas Gage and The Loss of Emotional Capacity
15:45 - Chapter 3. Facial Expressions and Smiles in Particular
28:08 - Chapter 4. Question and Answer on Smiles
32:22 - Chapter 5. Non-Social Emotions: Fear
36:29 - Chapter 6. Social Emotions and Altruism
12. Evolution, Emotion, and Reason: Emotions, Part II
Professor Bloom continues the discussion of emotions as useful evolutionary adaptations for dealing with our social environment. In particular, this lecture describes evolutionary explanations for several important emotional responses, such as the love between parents and their offspring, the gratitude we feel towards cooperative behaviors, the spite we feel for cheaters, and the cultural differences in feelings of revenge.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Emotional Responses to Caregivers and Kin
15:44 - Chapter 2. Question and Answer on Emotions Towards Kin
18:14 - Chapter 3. Evolutionary Explanations for Emotional Responses
25:20 - Chapter 4. Cooperative Behavior and The Prisoner's Dilemma
40:43 - Chapter 5. The Ultimatum Game, Rationally and Irrationality
49:20 - Chapter 6. Cultures of Honor
00:00 - Chapter 1. Emotional Responses to Caregivers and Kin
15:44 - Chapter 2. Question and Answer on Emotions Towards Kin
18:14 - Chapter 3. Evolutionary Explanations for Emotional Responses
25:20 - Chapter 4. Cooperative Behavior and The Prisoner's Dilemma
40:43 - Chapter 5. The Ultimatum Game, Rationally and Irrationality
49:20 - Chapter 6. Cultures of Honor
13. Why Are People Different?: Differences
Why are people different from one another? This lecture addresses this question by reviewing the latest theories and research in psychology on two traits in particular: personality and intelligence. Students will hear about how these traits are measured, why they may differ across individuals and groups, and whether they are influenced at all by one's genes, parents or environment.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Personality, Intelligence and Determining Difference
13:53 - Chapter 2. Measuring Personality with "The Big Five"
19:47 - Chapter 3. Defining and Measuring Intelligence
30:29 - Chapter 4. Question and Answer on Personality and Intelligence
36:32 - Chapter 5.The Roles of Genes and Environment in Explaining Human Differences
51:16 - Chapter 6. Genes, Environment and Intelligence
14. What Motivates Us: Sex
This lecture reviews what evolutionary theories and recent studies in psychology can tell us about sex and gender differences. Students will hear how psychology can help explain many of the differences that exist in whom we find attractive, what we desire in a mate, and sexual orientation.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Addressing Morality and Inevitability on Evolution, Sex and Gender
10:47 - Chapter 2. Basic Sex Ed
19:22 - Chapter 3. Sex Differences Among Humans
00:00 - Chapter 1. Addressing Morality and Inevitability on Evolution, Sex and Gender
10:47 - Chapter 2. Basic Sex Ed
19:22 - Chapter 3. Sex Differences Among Humans
32:15 - Chapter 4. Beauty: An Average Face
38:25 - Chapter 5. Social Factors for Sex Differences
45:52 - Chapter 6. Sexual Orientation
51:39 - Chapter 7. Question and Answer on Sex and Gender
38:25 - Chapter 5. Social Factors for Sex Differences
45:52 - Chapter 6. Sexual Orientation
51:39 - Chapter 7. Question and Answer on Sex and Gender
15. A Person in the World of People: Morality
Professor Bloom provides an introduction to psychological theories of morality. Students will learn how research in psychology has helped answer some of the most central questions about human morality. For instance, which emotions are "moral" and why did these moral feelings evolve? What factors guide our moral judgments? And what factors predict when good people will do bad things?
00:00 - Chapter 1. Kin Selection, Cooperation and Moral Feelings
23:07 - Chapter 2. Moral Reasoning and Moral Judgments
38:46 - Chapter 3. Milgram's Work in the Context of Morality
46:19 - Chapter 4. Two Forces for Evil, Two Forces for Good
00:00 - Chapter 1. Kin Selection, Cooperation and Moral Feelings
23:07 - Chapter 2. Moral Reasoning and Moral Judgments
38:46 - Chapter 3. Milgram's Work in the Context of Morality
46:19 - Chapter 4. Two Forces for Evil, Two Forces for Good
16. A Person in the World of People: Self and Other, Part I
This is the first of two lectures on social psychology, the study of how we think about ourselves, other people, and social groups. Students will hear about the famous "six degrees of separation" phenomenon and how it illuminates important individual differences in social connectedness. This lecture also reviews a number of important biases that greatly influence how we think of ourselves as well as other people.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Social Psychology and Connections Between People
15:56 - Chapter 2. Aspects of the Self: The Spotlight and Transparency Effects
22:39 - Chapter 3. Aspects of the Self: You're Terrific!
27:00 - Chapter 4. Aspects of the Self: Cognitive Dissonance
40:00 - Chapter 5. Self and the Other
50:03 - Chapter 6. How We Think About Other People
17. A Person in the World of People: Self and Other, Part II
This lecture begins with the second half of the discussion on social psychology. Students will learn about several important factors influencing how we form impressions of others, including our ability to form rapid impressions about people. This discussion focuses heavily upon stereotypes, including a discussion of their utility, reliability, and the negative effects that even implicit stereotypes can incur.
The second half of the lecture introduces students to two prominent mysteries in the field of psychology. First, students will learn what is known and unknown about sleep, including why we sleep, the different types of sleep, disorders, and of course, dreams, what they are about and why we have them. Second, this half reviews how laughter remains a mysterious and interesting psychological phenomenon. Students will hear theories that attempt to explain what causes us to laugh and why, with a particular emphasis on current evolutionary theory.
00:00 - Chapter 1. First and Fast: How We Form Impressions of Others
11:15 - Chapter 2. Positive Uses and Negative Effects of Stereotypes
27:19 - Chapter 3. Implicit Attitudes
34:47 - Chapter 4. Question and Answer on Stereotypes
38:09 - Chapter 5. The Minor Mystery of Sleep
44:49 - Chapter 6. The Greater Mystery of Dreams
51:31 - Chapter 7. The True Mystery of Laughter
18. What Happens When Things Go Wrong: Mental Illness, Part I
Professor Susan Nolen-Hoeksema describes how modern clinical psychology both identifies and treats various mental disorders. Particular focus is placed upon mood disorders such as bipolar disorder and depression, including current diagnostic criteria and current practices for treatment.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction to Dr Susan Nolen-Hoeksema
01:36 - Chapter 2. Behavioral Criteria for Accessing Mental Disorders
11:53 - Chapter 3. Unipolar Disorders
21:30 - Chapter 4. Bipolar Disorders
30:20 - Chapter 5. Statistics for Depression
34:04 - Chapter 6. Biological, Cognitive and Interpersonal Theories and Treatments
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction to Dr Susan Nolen-Hoeksema
01:36 - Chapter 2. Behavioral Criteria for Accessing Mental Disorders
11:53 - Chapter 3. Unipolar Disorders
21:30 - Chapter 4. Bipolar Disorders
30:20 - Chapter 5. Statistics for Depression
34:04 - Chapter 6. Biological, Cognitive and Interpersonal Theories and Treatments
19. What Happens When Things Go Wrong: Mental Illness, Part II
This lecture continues to cover one of the most salient areas within the field of psychology known as psychopathology, or clinical psychology. Following a discussion of the different ways of defining mental illness, Professor Bloom reviews several classes of clinical diagnoses including schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders, and personality disorders. The lecture concludes with a brief introduction to therapy.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Identifying Mental Illness
11:30 - Chapter 2. Schizophrenia
24:51 - Chapter 3. Anxiety Disorders
30:35 - Chapter 4. Question and Answer on Schizophrenia and Anxiety Disorders
35:02 - Chapter 5. Dissociative Identity Disorders
44:58 - Chapter 6. Question and Answer on Dissociative Identity Disorders
46:31 - Chapter 7. Personality Disorders
54:33 - Chapter 8. Brief History on Therapy
00:00 - Chapter 1. Identifying Mental Illness
11:30 - Chapter 2. Schizophrenia
24:51 - Chapter 3. Anxiety Disorders
30:35 - Chapter 4. Question and Answer on Schizophrenia and Anxiety Disorders
35:02 - Chapter 5. Dissociative Identity Disorders
44:58 - Chapter 6. Question and Answer on Dissociative Identity Disorders
46:31 - Chapter 7. Personality Disorders
54:33 - Chapter 8. Brief History on Therapy
20. The Good Life: Happiness
The last lecture in the course wraps up the discussion of clinical psychology with a discussion of treatment efficacy. Does therapy actually work? Professor Bloom summarizes the different types of influences that clinical interventions might have on people who receive therapy.
Professor Bloom ends with a review of one of the most interesting research topics in "positive psychology," happiness. What makes us happy? How does happiness vary across person and culture? What is happiness for? Students will hear how the most recent research in psychology attempts to answer these questions and learn how people are surprisingly bad at predicting what will make them happiest.
00:00 - Chapter 1. How and Why Therapy Works
07:48 - Chapter 2. Question and Answer on Therapy
11:16 - Chapter 3. Happiness and Positive Psychology
18:58 - Chapter 4. Getting Used to Happiness
42:41 - Chapter 5. Closing Remarks
Professor Bloom ends with a review of one of the most interesting research topics in "positive psychology," happiness. What makes us happy? How does happiness vary across person and culture? What is happiness for? Students will hear how the most recent research in psychology attempts to answer these questions and learn how people are surprisingly bad at predicting what will make them happiest.
00:00 - Chapter 1. How and Why Therapy Works
07:48 - Chapter 2. Question and Answer on Therapy
11:16 - Chapter 3. Happiness and Positive Psychology
18:58 - Chapter 4. Getting Used to Happiness
42:41 - Chapter 5. Closing Remarks
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